duminică, 17 iunie 2007

Prima Scoala din Romania

In vremurile trecute, bisericile reprezentau cel mai important factor de educare si alfabetizare a comunitatilor. La poalele Tampei, in curtea Catedralei Sf. Nicolae din Scheii Brasovului, veche de mai bine de 500 de ani, isi deschide si astazi generos portile muzeul primei scoli romanesti.

Biserica detine o impresionanta biblioteca, 4.000 de carti vechi si peste 30.000 de documente, hrisoave, unicat in lume, zapise, registre si scrisori care constituie un tezaur pentru istoria si cultura neamului romanesc. O vizita prin muzeu este emotionanta. Bancile scrijelite unde se inghesuiau invataceii, calimarile de cerneala si tablitele pe care se scriau literele te indeamna sa le atingi.

'Dintre exponatele intalnite aici mentionam cateva titluri extrem de valoroase: "Cazania a II-a" (carte romaneasca cu invatatura) tradusa de protopopii Iane si Mihai, "Psaltirea", "Sbornicul", "Octoihul" si, bineinteles, tiparnita diaconului la care se poate lucra si azi', ne spune directorul muzeului, prof. Vasile Oltean.

Cum era si firesc pe atunci, mai intai s-a ridicat biserica, despre care au scris cronicile vremii in anul 1292. Apoi, un 'Omiliar' (carte de invatatura) din secolele XI-XII confirma existenta unui lacas de invatatura aici.

Primul document care atesta o biserica ortodoxa romana in Schei, Brasov, e Bula Papala din 25 decembrie 1399. ?ncepand cu anul 1559, limba de predare in aceasta scoala era romana.

Scoala noua, de piatra, a fost construita in 1597 prin osteneala protopopului Mihai, din fondul daruit cu draga inima de Aron Voda al Moldovei. Aici veneau sa cunoasca lumina invataturii toti copiii Brasovului. Intre 1821 si 1828, Anton Pann poposeste pentru catva timp in Schei si preda la aceasta scoala. Intre 1556 si 1588, diaconul Coresi impreuna cu alti colaboratori tiparesc primele carti de circulatie in romana, oficializand definitiv scrisul in aceasta limba.

In 1570, diacul Oprea scrie 'Octoihul Romanesc' (carte de cantari), iar opt ani mai tarziu, popa Voicu scrie 'Invataturi Morale din Vietile Sfintilor - cuvantari la sfinti si pilde de folos sufletesc'.

Unele carti se faceau pe atunci din piele de miel nenascut, pentru ca era foarte fina si neporoasa. Exista si acum expuse la muzeu astfel de raritati.

Icoana furata a vrut sa se intoarca la biserica

In 1993, a fost furata o icoana a Maicii Domnului din 1554. Preotul Vasile Prodea isi aminteste: 'Icoana a fost furata de un tigan. N-a vandut-o, in speranta ca va gasi intr-o buna zi un cumparator bun. Insa a fost prins. El a povestit politistilor ca, de fiecare data cand intra in camera unde ascunsese obiectul, il napadea transpiratia, tremura si se sufoca. Icoana parca dorea sa se intoarca in biserica. Tiganul aproape ca-si pierduse mintile'. In cele din urma, icoana si-a reluat locul in biserica.

Sursa: www.libertatea.ro

Deci,pe scurt,acesta a fost inceputul sfarsitului pentru copii...

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